Blar i TØI Vitenarkiv på forfatter "Elvik, Rune"
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The European road safety decision support system on risks and measures
Martensen, Heike; Diependaele, Kevin; Daniels, Stijn; Van den Berghe, Wouter; Papadimitriou, Eleonora; Yannis, George; Van Schagen, Ingrid; Weijermars, Wendy; Wijnen, Wim; Filtness, Ashleigh; Talbot, Rachel; Thomas, Pete; Machata, Klaus; Aigner Breuss, Eva; Kaiser, Susanne; Hermitte, Thierry; Thomson, Rob; Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-18)The European Road Safety Decision Support System (roadsafety-dss.eu) is an innovative system providing the available evidence on a broad range of road risks and possible countermeasures. This paper describes the scientific ... -
Exploring factors influencing the strength of the safety-in-numbers effect
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-24)Several studies have found a so-called safety-in-numbers effect for vulnerable road users. This means that when the number of pedestrians or cyclists increases, the number of accidents involving these road users and motor ... -
Exploring the safety in numbers effect for vulnerable road users on a macroscopic scale
Tasic, Ivana; Elvik, Rune; Brewer, Simon (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-10-10)A “Safety in Numbers” effect for a certain group of road users is present if the number of crashes increases at a lower rate than the number of road users. The existence of this effect has been invoked to justify investments ... -
Factors contributing to the decline in the number of heavy goods vehicles involved in injury accidents in Norway from 2007 to 2020
Elvik, Rune; Nævestad, Tor-Olav; Sagberg, Fridulv; Hesjevoll, Ingeborg Storesund; Hovi, Inger Beate (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022-12-14)There has been a large decline in the number of police reported injury accidents on public roads in Norway after 2007. The decline has been particularly large for accidents involving heavy goods vehicles. From 2007 to 2020, ... -
Factors influencing safety in a sample of marked pedestrian crossings selected for safety inspections in the city of Oslo
Elvik, Rune; Sørensen, Michael Wøhlk Jæger; Nævestad, Tor-Olav (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013-05-22)This paper reports an analysis of factors influencing safety in a sample of marked pedestrian crossings in the city of Oslo, Norway. The sample consists of 159 marked pedestrian crossings where a total of 316 accidents ... -
How can cyclist injuries be included in health impact economic assessments?
Elvik, Rune; Sundfør, Hanne Beate (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-25)This paper discusses how injuries sustained while cycling can be included as a component of health impact economic assessment of increased cycling. To include injuries as a component of a health impact assessment, their ... -
How can regulatory authorities improve safety in organizations by influencing safety culture? A conceptual model of the relationships and a discussion of implications
Nævestad, Tor-Olav; Hesjevoll, Ingeborg Storesund; Elvik, Rune (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021-06-17)Regulators have increasingly started to focus on safety culture. The causal link between regulatory initiatives to improve safety culture and a potential decline in accidents may, however, appear like a “black box”, involving ... -
How can the notion of optimal speed limits best be applied in urban areas?
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-26)This paper reviews estimates of optimal speed limits made in the past 30 years. A tendency is seen for optimal speed limits to become higher. In the most recent estimates made for Norway, the optimal speed limit was in no ... -
How did the economic recession (2008–2010) influence traffic fatalities in OECD-countries?
Wegman, Fred; Allsop, Richard; Antoniou, Constrantionos; Bergel-Hayat, Ruth; Elvik, Rune; Lassarre, Sylvain; Lloyd, Daryl; Wijnen, Wim (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-04-14)This paper presents analyses of how the economic recession that started in 2008 has influenced the number of traffic fatalities in OECD countries. Previous studies of the relationship between economic recessions and changes ... -
How to trade safety against cost, time and other impacts of road safety measures
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-03-14)Public policy, including road safety policy, involves balancing competing values against each other. Several techniques of policy analysis, most prominently cost-benefit analysis, have been developed to help policy makers ... -
I hvilken forstand er det mulig å satse for mye på å bedre trafikksikkerheten?
Elvik, Rune (Chapter, 2020-10-07)Dette kapitlet drøfter om det på et forskningsmessig grunnlag kan gis et svar på spørsmålet om når samfunnet har gått for langt i retning av å bedre trafikksikkerheten. Fire analytiske perspektiver som kan gi veiledning ... -
Innovation and long-term planning in public policy: the case of national road safety plans in Norway
Elvik, Rune; Nævestad, Tor-Olav; Milch, Vibeke; Bugge, Markus; Normann, Håkon Endresen; Skogli, Erland (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023-06-16)Vision Zero was adopted as the long-term ideal for transport safety in Norway in 2001.Starting in 2002, national road safety action plans covering a period of four years have been developed.This paper identifies innovative ... -
International transferability of accident modification functions for horizontal curves
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013-07-18)Studies of the relationship between characteristics of horizontal curves and accident rate have been reported in several countries. The characteristic most often studied is the radius of a horizontal curve. Functions ... -
Interpreting interaction effects in estimates of the risk of traffic injury associated with the use of illicit drugs
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-02-08)Interactions characterise the relationship between use of amphetamines, cannabis and opiates as a driver and the risk of traffic injury associated with the use of these drugs. Inverse risk curves have been found for these ... -
Methodological guidelines for developing accident modification functions
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-04)This paper proposes methodological guidelines for developing accident modification functions. An accident modification function is a mathematical function describing systematic variation in the effects of road safety ... -
The more (sharp) curves, the lower the risk
Elvik, Rune (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-10-07)The risk of accident in horizontal curves is a complex function of at least the following characteristics of the curve: the radius of the curve; the length of the curve (and the resultant deflection angle); the presence ... -
Paradoxes of rationality in road safety policy
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013-01-09)Rationality is an ideal for transport safety policy. As developed within normative welfare economics, rationality denotes the efficient use of safety measures based on cost–benefit analyses that include all relevant impacts ... -
Problems in determining the optimal use of road safety measures
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-10-18)This paper discusses some problems in determining the optimal use of road safety measures. The first of these problems is how best to define the baseline option, i.e. what will happen if no new safety measures are introduced. ... -
Rewarding safe and environmentally sustainable driving: Systematic review of trials
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-12-23)The paper reviews trials designed to reward safe and environmentally sustainable driving. The most common type of trial offered monetary rewards to drivers for not speeding or for reducing mileage. Seven trials were ... -
Risk analysis for forecasting cyberattacks against connected and autonomous vehicles
Meyer, Sunniva F.; Elvik, Rune; Johnsson, Espen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021-11-12)A security risk analysis was conducted to identify possible cyberattacks against a future transport system consisting of autonomous and connected vehicles. Six scenarios were developed: joyriding, kidnapping, domestic ...