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dc.contributor.authorSöderena, Petri
dc.contributor.authorLaurikko, Juhani
dc.contributor.authorWeber, Christian
dc.contributor.authorTilli, Aki
dc.contributor.authorKuikka, Keijo
dc.contributor.authorKousa, Anu
dc.contributor.authorVäkevä, O.
dc.contributor.authorVenho, Antti
dc.contributor.authorHaaparanta, Suvi
dc.contributor.authorNuottimäki, Jukka
dc.coverage.spatialEuropeen_US
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-02T10:33:46Z
dc.date.available2021-08-02T10:33:46Z
dc.date.created2020-08-21T13:23:50Z
dc.date.issued2020-07-23
dc.identifier.citationScience of the Total Environment. 2020, 746 (December), 1-11.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2765815
dc.description.abstractIn this study, the NOx emissions of four Euro 6 diesel passenger cars ranging from Euro 6 b to Euro 6 d-TEMP in different ambient conditions and driving routes were investigated with a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS) and continuous NOx concentration monitoring device. A model was also generated for translating NOx concentration values into a gram basis. The results suggest that there is a marked difference in NOx emissions based on the Euro 6 step for the car is type approved. The study showed that the conformity factor for NOx emissions on a route in a city environment (“City route”) changed from 0.65 to 5.2 depending on the Euro 6 step and car. Surprisingly, a Euro 6 b car equipped with Selective Catalytic Reduction SCR system and updated engine control unit (ECU) software for lower tailpipe NOx emissions provided lower average NOx emissions than a Euro 6 d-TEMP diesel car equipped with dual lean-NOx traps. Results for the City route also showed that the road infrastructure (crossroads and speed limitations) can have a noticeable effect on promoting driving that leads to higher NOx emissions even with a Euro 6 d-TEMP car. Estimations of NOx emissions with modelling based on continuous NOx concentration monitoring suggested that Euro 6 b diesel cars can provide NOx emissions close to the current RDE legislation. In addition, the modelling suggested that the Euro 6 b car with updated ECU software and the Euro 6 d-TEMP diesel car are capable of extremely low daily average NOx emissions, even close to 20 mg/km, in normal daily usage. Nevertheless, the monitoring results and model also suggest that cold ambient temperature has a high effect on the NOx emissions reduction performance of these vehicles, occasionally increasing their daily average emissions to as high as 900 mg/km.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no*
dc.titleMonitoring Euro 6 diesel passenger cars NOx emissions for one year in various ambient conditions with PEMS and NOx sensorsen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.rights.holder© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.en_US
dc.source.articlenumber140971en_US
dc.description.versionacceptedVersionen_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextpostprint
cristin.qualitycode2
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140971
dc.identifier.cristin1824492
dc.source.journalScience of the Total Environmenten_US
dc.source.volume746en_US
dc.source.issueDecemberen_US
dc.source.pagenumber1-11en_US


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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal
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