• 20 years of competitive tendering in the Norwegian bus industry – An analysis of bidders and winning bids 

      Aarhaug, Jørgen; Fearnley, Nils; Gregersen, Fredrik Alexander; Norseng, Robert Bjørnøy (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-05)
      Our paper investigates the developments in the Norwegian bus industry following the ramp-up of competitive tendering since the early 2000s. We analyse a complete dataset of all 232 local bus contracts awarded through ...
    • A process for designing policy packaging: Ideals and realities 

      Justen, Andreas; Fearnley, Nils; Givoni, Moshe; Macmillen, James (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-02-06)
      The article introduces a design process for policy packaging, combining a heuristic approach with a real world example of European policymaking. The policy packaging process is divided into six stages, starting with (1) ...
    • A push to cycling - Exploring the e-bike's role in overcoming barriers to bicycle use with a survey and an intervention study 

      Fyhri, Aslak; Heinen, Eva; Fearnley, Nils; Sundfør, Hanne Beate (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-03-13)
      In Norway, as in many countries, there is a political goal to increase bicycle use. The electric bicycle (e-bike) is a promising tool for achieving this goal, given the hilliness of the country. However, little is yet known ...
    • Commute trips in Norwegian cities: Data combining trip characteristics and revealed mode choice 

      Lunke, Erik Bjørnson; Fearnley, Nils; Aarhaug, Jørgen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021-08-22)
      Most transport mode choice studies rely on subjective responses to hypothetical questions (stated preference), or on revealed preferences. In stated preference studies, trip characteristics are exact, but there is a range ...
    • Competition and substitution between public transport modes 

      Fearnley, Nils; Currie, Graham; Flugel, Stefan Markus; Gregersen, Fredrik Alexander; Killi, Marit; Toner, Jeremy P; Wardman, Mark (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-26)
      The management and understanding of modal split between public transport (PT) modes is of interest for numerous reasons. It may, for example, be desirable to stimulate passengers to switch from crowded buses and over to ...
    • Deregulation of the Norwegian long distance express coach market 

      Aarhaug, Jørgen; Fearnley, Nils (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2015-11-19)
      This paper offers new insight to the effects of long distance express coach deregulation in Norway, which formally happened gradually between 1998 and 2003. We study data over a period that spans from the years prior to ...
    • E-scooters and public transport – Complement or competition? 

      Aarhaug, Jørgen; Fearnley, Nils; Johnsson, Espen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023-03-31)
      The rapid deployment of shared electric scooters (e-scooters) has resulted in much attention from the public and regulators. In this paper we look at what role e-scooters have in the mobility system in Oslo, Norway. Previous ...
    • Effects of e-bikes on bicycle use and mode share 

      Fyhri, Aslak; Fearnley, Nils (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-03-07)
      In Norway, as in many countries, a political goal is to increase bicycle use, and the e-bike is promising in this respect. However, concerns have been raised about mode-share effects. It has been argued that if the e-bike’s ...
    • Express coaches: An up-hill battle after liberalization? 

      Aarhaug, Jørgen; Farstad, Eivind; Fearnley, Nils; Halse, Askill Harkjerr (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-02)
      Express coach services have thrived in Norway following the stepwise liberalization that started in the mid-1990s. However, recent years have witnessed consolidation, stagnation, and, sometimes, decline in the Norwegian ...
    • Factors Affecting e-Scooter Mode Substitution 

      Fearnley, Nils (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022-06-23)
      What transport modes do e-scooters replace? This article analyses the results from a web survey conducted among customers who were registered with five different shared e-scooter apps in Norway in October-November 2021. ...
    • Free Fares Policies: Impact on Public Transport Mode Share and Other Transport Policy Goals 

      Fearnley, Nils (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2013-12-10)
      This article investigates the merits of free public transport as a means to achieve a number of transport policy objectives, including mode shift towards public transport. It outlines some political and societal motivations ...
    • The geography of public transport competitiveness in thirteen medium sized cities 

      Lunke, Erik Bjørnson; Fearnley, Nils; Aarhaug, Jørgen (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-05-09)
      Securing sufficient accessibility with public transport is essential for reducing private car commuting. While most studies of transport accessibility are based on travel times, other quality factors such as the perceived ...
    • Household parking facilities: relationship to travel behaviour and car ownership 

      Christiansen, Petter; Fearnley, Nils; Hanssen, Jan Usterud; Skollerud, Kåre H. (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-08)
      Few studies have investigated how parking requirements (norms) for households and home parking availability influence car ownership and car-use. The common practice of local authorities is to use minimum parking norms for ...
    • Increasing the competitiveness of e-vehicles in Europe 

      Figenbaum, Erik; Fearnley, Nils; Pfaffenbichler, Paul; Hjorthol, Randi; Kolbenstvedt, Marika; Jellinek, Reinhard; Emmerling, Bettina; Bonnema, G. Maarten; Ramjerdi, Farideh; Vågane, Liva; Iversen, Lykke Møller (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-08-20)
      Introduction This paper is concerned with incentives for the take-up and use of e-vehicles that are in place in different European countries. Especially, it analyses Norway and Austria, in order to establish and understand ...
    • Investigating observed and unobserved variation in the probability of ‘not travel’ as a behavioural response to restrictive policies 

      Flugel, Stefan Markus; Fearnley, Nils; Killi, Marit (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-11-01)
      Besides technological improvements, restrictive car policies are likely to be the most effective measures for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from local passenger transport. Restrictive policies may lead some individuals ...
    • Micromobility and Urban Space 

      Fearnley, Nils (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2021-12-01)
    • Micromobility – Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities 

      Fearnley, Nils (Chapter, 2020-08-13)
      Shared, dockless micromobility is causing concern across the globe. The phenomenon started with shared bikes and e-bikes. More recently, e-scooters (or electric kickbikes), the focus of this chapter, have flooded cities ...
    • Nordic Experiences with Smart Mobility: Emerging Services and Regulatory Frameworks 

      Ydersbond, Inga Margrete; Auvinen, Heidi; Tuominen, Anu; Fearnley, Nils; Aarhaug, Jørgen (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020-10-03)
      In a time where emerging technologies bundled within “smart mobility” represent a new transformation of the mobility system, it is critical that governments pro-actively take part in these developments. This means steering ...
    • Parking facilities and the built environment: Impacts on travel behaviour 

      Christiansen, Petter; Engebretsen, Øystein; Fearnley, Nils; Hanssen, Jan Usterud (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-11-25)
      Car ownership and car use depend on numerous factors, among which are parking availability at destination and at home. While the former has attracted considerable research efforts for decades the latter, home parking, has ...
    • Patterns of E-Scooter Use in Combination with Public Transport 

      Fearnley, Nils; Johnsson, Espen; Berge, Siri Hegna (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2020-07-23)
      Shared e-scooters may complement public transport by offering a solution to the first/last mile problem by easing, or increasing the radius of, access and egress trips. We have gathered real time e-scooter supply and demand ...