Browsing TØI Vitenarkiv by Issue Date
Now showing items 181-200 of 517
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Characteristics of fatal road crashes involving unlicensed drivers or riders: Implications for countermeasures
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-05)Drivers or riders without a valid license are involved in 10% of fatal road crashes in Norway. This was shown by an analysis of data from all fatal crashes in the period 2005–2014. A literature review shows that unlicensed ... -
Silos as barriers to public sector climate adaptation and preparedness: insights from road closures in Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-08)Organisational perspectives propose that structural arrangements affect policy outcomes. Drawing on these perspectives, it is worthwhile to find out whether and how disagreements among public authorities create barriers ... -
Can battery electric light commercial vehicles work for craftsmen and service enterprises?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-17)Battery Electric Light Commercial Vehicles (BE-LCVs) can reduce the environmental impacts of Craftsmen and Service (C&S) Enterprises transportation. These Enterprises produce vital services, using diesel vehicles for ... -
The climate, economic and equity effects of fuel tax, road toll and commuter tax credit
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-24)State-of-the-art travel demand models for Norway have been run with the aim of revealing the equity effects of selected policy measures for greenhouse gas abatement. The Oslo Intercity Regional Model, comprising roughly ... -
Competition and substitution between public transport modes
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-26)The management and understanding of modal split between public transport (PT) modes is of interest for numerous reasons. It may, for example, be desirable to stimulate passengers to switch from crowded buses and over to ... -
How can the notion of optimal speed limits best be applied in urban areas?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-26)This paper reviews estimates of optimal speed limits made in the past 30 years. A tendency is seen for optimal speed limits to become higher. In the most recent estimates made for Norway, the optimal speed limit was in no ... -
Do visitors gaze and reproduce what destination managers wish to commercialise? Perceived and projected image in the UNESCO World Heritage area ‘West Norwegian Fjords’
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-01)Destination image plays a key role in helping people decide where to travel and affects satisfaction, likelihood of return visits and word of mouth. While photography is not the only way of projecting and perceiving an ... -
Analyzing the deeper motivations for nature-based tourism facility demand: A hybrid choice model of preferences for a reindeer visitor center
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-01)Wildlife interpretive centers may increase the attractiveness of natural areas for visitors, provide local employment and income, and channel visitors to reduce wildlife disturbance. However, interpretive center success ... -
20 years of competitive tendering in the Norwegian bus industry – An analysis of bidders and winning bids
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-05)Our paper investigates the developments in the Norwegian bus industry following the ramp-up of competitive tendering since the early 2000s. We analyse a complete dataset of all 232 local bus contracts awarded through ... -
Environmental effects of a vehicle tax reform: Empirical evidence from Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-14)In 2007, the Norwegian government reformed the vehicle registration tax in order toreduce the carbon intensity of the new car fleet by incentivizing the purchase of more fuel efficient cars. This paper identifies the impact ... -
How can we explain improvements in organizational information security culture in an organization providing critical infrastructure?
(Chapter, 2018-06-15)The aims of the present study are to 1) Compare results from a study conducted before and a study conducted after efforts to improve organizational information security culture in an organization providing critical ... -
Maritime safety culture and safety behaviours in Greece and Norway: Comparing professional seafarers and private leisure boat users
(Chapter, 2018-06-15)The present study compares professional seafarers and private leisure boat users in Norway and Greece. The aims of the present study are to examine the safety behaviours related to personal injuries and accidents among ... -
Organizational information security culture in critical infrastructure: Developing and testing a scale and its relationships to other measures of information security
(Chapter, 2018-06-15)The aims of the present study are to 1) develop and test a scale measuring organizational information security culture, and 2) examine its relationships to other aspects of information security. The study focuses on an ... -
Risk compensation theory and bicycle helmets – Results from an experiment of cycling speed and short-term effects of habituation
(Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2018-06-30)It has been suggested that the safety benefits of bicycle helmets are limited by risk compensation. The current study contributes to explaining whether the potential safety effects of bicycle helmets are reduced by cyclists’ ... -
Implications of ride-sourcing and self-driving vehicles on the need for regulation in unscheduled passenger transport
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-30)The recent emergence of large-scale ride-sourcing services, such as Uber and Lyft, is a major development in passenger transport. By utilizing fleets of private cars and app technology, these services call into question ... -
Virkningene av endringer i bilbeskatningen
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-01) -
Express coaches: An up-hill battle after liberalization?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-02)Express coach services have thrived in Norway following the stepwise liberalization that started in the mid-1990s. However, recent years have witnessed consolidation, stagnation, and, sometimes, decline in the Norwegian ... -
Residential location, workplace location and car driving in four Norwegian cities
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-02)Based on a study in four Norwegian cities (Oslo, Stavanger/Sandnes, Bergen and Trondheim) differing in size and center structure, this article illuminates how residential and workplace location, local-area density and ... -
Estimating Real-World Emissions of PHEVs in Norway by Combining Laboratory Measurement with User Surveys
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-10)The paper presents the results of experimental testing of the exhaust emission and energy consumption of two gasoline plug-in hybrid vehicles in an emission testing laboratory with different drive cycles and drive modes ... -
Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-14)Previous studies from the coastal cargo sector report of a considerable gap between formal and informal aspects of safety. Several maritime accident investigations point to this gap as an important contributory cause, ...