Blar i TØI Vitenarkiv på forfatter "Elvik, Rune"
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Risk of non-collision injuries to public transport passengers: Synthesis of evidence from eleven studies
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-04-08)Research problem This paper reviews and summarises studies of the risk of non-collision injuries to public transport passengers. Non-collision injuries include injuries when boarding or alighting and falls onboard as a ... -
Risk of pedestrian falls in Oslo, Norway: Relation to age, gender and walking surface condition
Elvik, Rune; Bjørnskau, Torkel (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-01-04)The risk of pedestrian falls in Oslo, Norway, is analysed. Injury data were collected during 2016 by the municipal emergency medical clinic. A total of 6309 injured pedestrians were recorded. 6109 were injured in falls in ... -
Road safety effects of roundabouts: A meta-analysis
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-01-05)This paper presents a meta-analysis of the road safety effects of converting junctions to roundabouts. 44 studies containing a total of 154 estimates of effect were included. Based on a meta-regression analysis, converting ... -
The role of values in road safety culture: Examining the valuation of freedom to take risk, risk taking and accident involvement in three countries
Nævestad, Tor-Olav; Laiou, Alexandra; Rosenbloom, Tova; Elvik, Rune; Yannis, George (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2021-12-30)National focus on individual freedom versus paternalistic values is a fundamental theme, which defines the status of traffic safety in different countries. The present study examines the role of such values in road safety ... -
Safety Inspectorates and Safety Performance: A Tentative Analysis for Aviation and Rail in Norway
Elvik, Rune; Elvebakk, Beate (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-05)Safety inspectorates have been established for all modes of transport in Norway. This paper explores whether establishing a safety inspectorate is related to safety performance. Long-term trends in safety in aviation and ... -
Safety of horizontal curves on rural two-lane roads in Norway
Elvik, Rune; Haugvik, Espen Strandvik (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2023-04-19)Horizontal curves are found on all roads. The relationship between the characteristics of horizontal curves and the number of accidents is complex and no previous study has included all factors that are potentially influential ... -
Safety-in-numbers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence
Elvik, Rune; Bjørnskau, Torkel (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-07-29)This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that have estimated the relationship between the number of accidents involving motor vehicles and cyclists or pedestrians and the volume of motor vehicles, ... -
Safety-in-numbers: An updated meta-analysis of estimates
Elvik, Rune; Goel, Rahul (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-05-28)Safety-in-numbers denotes the tendency for the number of accidents to increase less than in proportion to traffic volume. This paper updates a meta-analysis of estimates of safety-in-numbers published in 2017 (Elvik and ... -
Safety-in-numbers: Estimates based on a sample of pedestrian crossings in Norway
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-16)Safety-in-numbers denotes the tendency for the risk of accident for each road user to decline as the number of road users increases. Safety-in-numbers implies that a doubling of the number of road users will be associated ... -
Some implications of an event-based definition of exposure to the risk of road accident
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-01-02)This paper proposes a new definition of exposure to the risk of road accident as any event, limited in space and time, representing a potential for an accident to occur by bringing road users close to each other in time ... -
Speed enforcement in Norway: Testing a game-theoretic model of the interaction between drivers and the police
Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-09-03)This paper probes the relationship between changes in the risk of apprehension for speeding in Norway and changes in the amount of speeding. The paper is based on a game-theoretic model of how the rate of violations and ... -
A systematic cost-benefit analysis of 29 road safety measures
Daniels, Stijn; Martensen, Heike; Schoeters, Annelies; Van den Berghe, Wouter; Papadimitriou, Eleonora; Ziakopoulos, Apostolos; Kaiser, Susanne; Aigner-Breuss, Eva; Soteropoulos, Aggelos; Wijnen, Wim; Weijermars, Wendy; Carnis, Laurent; Elvik, Rune; Perez, Oscar Martin (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2019-10-01)Economic evaluations of road safety measures are only rarely published in the scholarly literature. We collected and (re-)analyzed evidence in order to conduct cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) for 29 road safety measures. The ... -
A systematic cost-benefit analysis of 29 road safety measures
Daniels, Stijn; Martensen, Heike; Schoeters, Annelies; Van den Berghe, Wouter; Papadimitriou, Eleonora; Ziakopoulos, Apostolos; Kaiser, Susanne; Aigner-Breuss, Eva; Soteropoulos, Aggelos; Wijnen, Wim; Weijermars, Wendy; Carnis, Laurent; Elvik, Rune; Perez, Oscar Martin (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2019-10-01)Economic evaluations of road safety measures are only rarely published in the scholarly literature. We collected and (re-)analyzed evidence in order to conduct cost-benefit analyses (CBAs) for 29 road safety measures. The ... -
The turning point in the number of traffic fatalities: Two hypotheses about changes in underlying trends
Brüde, Ulf; Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-10-23)The number of traffic fatalities reached a peak in many highly motorised countries around 1970. Some previous studies have suggested that the turning point in the number of traffic fatalities was inevitable and did not ... -
Traffic safety in bus transport: An analysis of Norway’s largest transit authority’s contract requirements to bus companies
Nævestad, Tor-Olav; Elvik, Rune; Milch, Vibeke; Karlsen, Katrine; Phillips, Ross (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-07-16)The main objective of the study is to evaluate direct and indirect traffic safety consequences of the requirements that Norway’s largest transit authority (Ruter) sets in the contracts with bus companies. To assess the ... -
Tram to Pedestrian Collisions—Priorities and Potentials
Lackner, Christian; Heinzl, Philipp; Rizzi, Maria C.; Leo, Christioph; Schachner, Martin; Pokorny, Petr; Klager, Peter; Buetzer, David; Elvik, Rune; Linder, Astrid; Klug, Corina (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2022-06-22)To improve mobility in cities in line with environmental goals, in urban traffic, trams represent an increasingly important means of transport. Due to the close interaction with other road users, this makes collisions with ... -
Updated estimates of the relationship between speed and road safety at the aggregate and individual levels
Elvik, Rune; Vadeby, Anna; Hels, T; Van Schagen, Ingrid (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-23)Recent studies of the relationship between the speed of traffic and road safety, stated as the number of fatalities and the number of injury accidents, are reviewed and their results synthesised by means of meta-analysis. ... -
The use of low-level theory to guide the interpretation of road safety evaluation studies
Elvik, Rune; Høye, Alena (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-15)There are two main interpretations of empirical research: methodological and substantive. A methodological interpretation usually rejects a study by arguing that it is based on poor data or methods. A substantive interpretation ... -
Valuation of cycling facilities with and without controlling for casualty risk
Flugel, Stefan; Ramjerdi, Farideh; Veisten, Knut; Killi, Marit; Elvik, Rune (Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-07-14)Barrier effects can impact cyclists’ travel time, level of comfort, and risk of accidents. When eliciting the valuation of these elements, simultaneous estimation is called for because the perceived level of comfort may ... -
Valuing casualty risk reductions from estimated baseline risk
Veisten, Knut; Flugel, Stefan; Rizzi, Luis; Ortuzar, Juan De Dios; Elvik, Rune (Peer reviewed; Journal article, 2013-01-05)Stated choice studies have been applied regularly to the valuation of time savings and other attributes of travelling as perceived by individuals. In such experiments, respondents often provide reference levels for the ...