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What Factors Affect Cross-Modal Substitution - Evidences from the Oslo Area
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-11-27)The vast majority of studies on urban travel demand focus on the effect on the demand of one travel mode given a change in the characteristics of that same transport mode, for example, own-elasticities. comparatively little ... -
Infrastructure investments to promote sustainable regions
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-08-14)Transport infrastructure is often used as an instrument to reach political objectives. One such objective is to promote robust and sustainable regions. A sustainable region is often defined as a region with positive ... -
Problems in determining the optimal use of road safety measures
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2014-10-18)This paper discusses some problems in determining the optimal use of road safety measures. The first of these problems is how best to define the baseline option, i.e. what will happen if no new safety measures are introduced. ... -
20 years of competitive tendering in the Norwegian bus industry – An analysis of bidders and winning bids
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-06-05)Our paper investigates the developments in the Norwegian bus industry following the ramp-up of competitive tendering since the early 2000s. We analyse a complete dataset of all 232 local bus contracts awarded through ... -
Safety-in-numbers: Estimates based on a sample of pedestrian crossings in Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-03-16)Safety-in-numbers denotes the tendency for the risk of accident for each road user to decline as the number of road users increases. Safety-in-numbers implies that a doubling of the number of road users will be associated ... -
A stock-flow cohort model of the national car fleet
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-08-10)Purpose Various regulatory and fiscal policy instruments are in force to reduce the amount of greenhouse gases and local pollutants emitted by private cars. The incentives operate primarily—or exclusively—on the newest ... -
Safety Inspectorates and Safety Performance: A Tentative Analysis for Aviation and Rail in Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2016-05-05)Safety inspectorates have been established for all modes of transport in Norway. This paper explores whether establishing a safety inspectorate is related to safety performance. Long-term trends in safety in aviation and ... -
Speed enforcement in Norway: Testing a game-theoretic model of the interaction between drivers and the police
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-09-03)This paper probes the relationship between changes in the risk of apprehension for speeding in Norway and changes in the amount of speeding. The paper is based on a game-theoretic model of how the rate of violations and ... -
Safety-in-numbers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-07-29)This paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that have estimated the relationship between the number of accidents involving motor vehicles and cyclists or pedestrians and the volume of motor vehicles, ... -
Household parking facilities: relationship to travel behaviour and car ownership
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-06-08)Few studies have investigated how parking requirements (norms) for households and home parking availability influence car ownership and car-use. The common practice of local authorities is to use minimum parking norms for ... -
How can the notion of optimal speed limits best be applied in urban areas?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-05-26)This paper reviews estimates of optimal speed limits made in the past 30 years. A tendency is seen for optimal speed limits to become higher. In the most recent estimates made for Norway, the optimal speed limit was in no ... -
How can cyclist injuries be included in health impact economic assessments?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-07-25)This paper discusses how injuries sustained while cycling can be included as a component of health impact economic assessment of increased cycling. To include injuries as a component of a health impact assessment, their ... -
A theoretical perspective on road safety communication campaigns
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-05-16)This paper proposes a theoretical perspective on road safety communication campaigns, which may help in identifying the conditions under which such campaigns can be effective. The paper proposes that, from a theoretical ... -
Express coaches: An up-hill battle after liberalization?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-02)Express coach services have thrived in Norway following the stepwise liberalization that started in the mid-1990s. However, recent years have witnessed consolidation, stagnation, and, sometimes, decline in the Norwegian ... -
Environmental and transport effects of warehouse relocationing: evidence from Norway
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-11-17)Reducing traffic volumes and CO2-emissions from freight transport has proven difficult in many countries. Although the increasing suburbanization of warehouses is seen as a relevant land use trend, comprehensive analyses ... -
Procedure Negligence in Coastal Cargo: What Can Be Done to Reduce the Gap between Formal and Informal Aspects of Safety?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-08-14)Previous studies from the coastal cargo sector report of a considerable gap between formal and informal aspects of safety. Several maritime accident investigations point to this gap as an important contributory cause, ... -
Implications of ride-sourcing and self-driving vehicles on the need for regulation in unscheduled passenger transport
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-07-30)The recent emergence of large-scale ride-sourcing services, such as Uber and Lyft, is a major development in passenger transport. By utilizing fleets of private cars and app technology, these services call into question ... -
Competitive tendering in an entry regulated market—an accident waiting to happen?
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2015-04-23)Introduction Competitive tendering was introduced in the contract segment of the Norwegian taxi industry in 2005; a market characterised by entry regulation. Using this reform as a natural experiment this research looks ... -
A comparison of bus passengers' and car drivers' valuation of casualty risk reductions in their routes
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2018-09-22)Introduction The economic value of safety represents an important guide to transport policy, and more studies on individuals’ valuation of road safety are called for. This paper presents a stated preference study of the ... -
Internationalisation in Road Transport of Goods in Norway: Safety Outcomes, Risk Factors and Policy Implications
(Journal article; Peer reviewed, 2017-09-21)